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Article 1 of the Constitution defines Spain as a parliamentary monarchy.

National sovereignty resides in the Spanish people, from whom the powers of the State emanate.

Freedom, justice, equality and political pluralism are higher values of the legal system.

Article 5 of the Constitution establishes Madrid as the capital of the State.

Castilian Spanish is the official language of the State; other languages may be official in their autonomous communities.

The flag has three horizontal bands: red, yellow and red; the yellow band is twice as wide.

The Constitution establishes the King as head of State and a symbol of its unity and permanence.

The Spanish Parliament consists of the Congress of Deputies and the Senate.

Parliament exercises legislative power, approves the budget and oversees the Government.

The Government directs domestic and foreign policy, civil and military administration, and national defence.

Justice emanates from the people and is administered by independent judges and magistrates in the King’s name.

The Ombudsman protects fundamental rights and may supervise administrative activity.

Congress is elected for four years unless it is dissolved earlier under the Constitution.

The Constitution defines the Senate as the chamber of territorial representation.

After consulting political representatives, the King proposes a candidate for Prime Minister.

Political parties express political pluralism and are fundamental instruments for participation.

Trade unions contribute to the defence and promotion of their economic and social interests.

The Armed Forces guarantee Spain’s sovereignty and independence and defend its territorial integrity.

Their statutes may recognise their own flags, which are displayed with the Spanish flag on public buildings.

Spain’s other languages may be official in their autonomous communities according to their statutes.

The Constitution recognises equality before the law and prohibits discrimination on the grounds it lists.

Article 12 of the Constitution sets legal adulthood at 18.

No religion has State status, although public authorities cooperate with religious denominations.

The Constitution expressly establishes the duty to know Castilian Spanish and the right to use it.

The tax system must be based on economic capacity and the principles of equality and progressivity.

The right to peaceful, unarmed assembly does not require prior authorisation.

The Constitution organises the State into municipalities, provinces and autonomous communities.

Municipal government and administration belong to the town council, formed by the mayor and councillors.

A province is a local entity with its own legal personality, formed by a grouping of municipalities.

Spain consists of seventeen autonomous communities and two autonomous cities.

Law 18/1987 declares 12 October Spain’s National Day.

Spain has been a member since 1 January 1986.

Spain uses the euro and belongs to the euro area.

The Prado National Museum is located in Madrid.

The current Constitution was approved and ratified in 1978.

Spain has belonged to the Schengen area since 26 March 1995.

The Ministry of the Interior issues the DNI through the Directorate-General of Police.

The DNI is a public, official, personal and non-transferable document.

To apply for or renew a DNI, an appointment must first be booked online or by telephone.

The Directorate-General for Traffic is responsible for issuing driving permits and licences.

A new driving licence normally requires passing both a theory and a practical test.

As a general rule, drivers start with a balance of 12 points.

Novice drivers start with 8 points and can increase the balance if they do not commit offences.

The system rewards offence-free driving and allows a maximum balance of 15 points.

The DGT states that the miDGT digital licence has the same legal validity as the physical document within Spain.

Once the licence is invalid because all points are lost, the person may not drive any type of vehicle.

The Constitution establishes that basic education is compulsory and free.

The Constitution recognises the right to health protection and assigns its organisation to public authorities.

The Constitution requires public authorities to maintain a public Social Security system for all citizens.

The Constitution recognises both the duty to work and the right to work and freely choose an occupation.